Maitiro ekugadzira magirovhosi e nitrile ane halogen shoma akaoma kupfuura emagirovhosi e nitrile akajairwa, ayo anonyanya kuratidzwa mukudzora huwandu hwe halogen, kusarudzwa kwezvinhu zvakagadzirwa, uye kugadziriswa kwemaitiro ekugadzira. Zvinotevera ongororo yematambudziko emaitiro, hukama hwakakosha nematambudziko ehunyanzvi:
I. Kuoma kwemaitiro ekugadzira
1. Kusarudzwa kwakasimba kwezvinhu zvakagadzirwa
- Kuwanikwa kwerabha reLatex rine halogen shoma nitrile butadiene:
Rabha reNitrile butadiene rabha rinogona kushandisa ma initiator ane halogen, ma emulsifiers kana ma catalysts (akadai semakonzo ane chlorine) panguva ye polymerization, nepo maitiro e low-halogen achifanira kushandisa halogen-free/low-halogen initiation system (yakadai se peroxodisulphate pachinzvimbo che chlorine-containing initiator) kana kubvisa residual halogen kuburikidza ne cleansing process pane imwe nguva inotevera.
Zvipingamupinyi zvevamiririri vanoenderana:
Zvinoita kuti sulfurizing, accelerators, antioxidants nezvimwe zvinowedzerwa zvinofanira kudzivirira halogen-containing (zvakadai se bromine-containing flame retardants, chlorine-containing vulcanization accelerators), uye zvinoda kushandisa zvinowedzerwa zvisina njodzi kunharaunda (zvakadai se halogen-free vulcanization systems, silane coupling agents, nezvimwewo), izvo zvinodhura zvakanyanya uye zvakaoma kuenderana nekushanda kwezvinowedzerwa. 2.
2. Kudzora halogen mukugadzirwa
-Kugadzirisa maitiro epolymerization:
Maitiro eNBR polymerization (akadai seemulsion polymerization) anoda kudzora tembiricha nemazvo, kumanikidzwa uye nguva yekuita, kuderedza kugadzirwa kwezvigadzirwa (zvakadai sehalogenated hydrocarbons). Maitiro ehalogen yakaderera anogona kuda nguva yakareba yekuita kana segmented polymerization, zvichiwedzera kushandiswa kwesimba uye kuoma kwemaitiro.
Kuchenesa nekuchenesa:
Mushure mekugadziriswa kwepolymer, latex inofanira kugezwa nemvura ine matanho akawanda, kupatsanurwa kwecentrifugal nedzimwe nzira dzekubvisa mamonomer ane halogenated akasara nezvimwe zvinowedzera, magirovhosi akajairwa angangoda ka1-2 chete kuti agezwe, nepo magirovhosi ane halogen shoma achida ka3-5 kana kupfuura, zvichikonzera kudzikira kwekushanda kwekugadzira uye kuwedzera kwemari yekurapa mvura yakasviba.
Hunhu hwakakosha hwekuomesa:
Maitiro ekuomesa anofanira kudzivirira kuora kwezvinhu pakupisa kwakanyanya kuti agadzire halogen compounds, angangoda kushandisa tekinoroji yekuomesa ine tembiricha yakaderera kana yekuomesa ne vacuum kuti awedzere kutenderera kwekugadzirwa.
3. Muganho wepamusoro wekuongorora mhando
- Kuongorora kwakarurama kwehuwandu hwe halogen:
Midziyo yekuongorora yakanyatsogadzirwa (semuenzaniso ion chromatograph, X-ray fluorescence spectrometer) inodiwa kuti iongorore huwandu hweCl neBr zviri muchikamu chimwe nechimwe chechigadzirwa (muganho wekuona unofanirwa kunge uri padanho reppm), nepo magirovhosi akajairwa anogona kungoongororwa chete kana paine hunhu hwawo hwepanyama (semuenzaniso simba rekusimba uye kureba pakubvaruka).
Kuenzanisa kwekushanda kwezvikamu zvakawanda:
Kurapa magirovhosi asina halogen yakawanda kunogona kukanganisa mashandiro emagirovhosi (semuenzaniso, kutwasuka, kuramba kubhoorwa), uye zvakakosha kugadzirisa fomura yacho (semuenzaniso, kuwedzera mapurasitiki akakosha, zvinosimbisa) kuti ienzanise halogen yakaderera, simba rayo guru, uye kunyaradzwa, izvo zvinosanganisira kuyedza kwakawanda uye kugadzirisa maparameter.
Matanho makuru ekugadzira
Semuenzaniso, tora kugadzirwa kwakajairika kwemagirovhosi e-halogen nitrile butadiene ane halogen shoma nenzira yekuburitsa, maitiro nematambudziko ndeaya anotevera:
1. Kugadzirira Latex
-Kugadzirira latex isina halogen yakawanda:
Sarudza rabha reNitrile Butadiene rine halogen shoma (halogen ≤ 150ppm), wedzera chinhu chinodzivirira ganda chisina halogen (semuenzaniso zinc oxide + sulfur yellow system), zvinhu zvinomhanyisa ganda zvisina halogen (semuenzaniso hyposulfonamides), antioxidant (semuenzaniso phenyl naphthyl amines), sanganisa zvakanaka wosefa kuti ubvise tsvina.
-Matambudziko: kupararira kwezvinowedzera zvisina kuenzana kunogona kukonzera kusakwana kwe vulcanization kana kushanduka-shanduka kwekushanda, michina ye emulsification yakanyanya inodiwa.
2. Kurapa chakuvhuvhu
-Kuputira usati watanga kurapwa:
Mould dzinofanira kunyikwa uye kuputirwa ne non-halogenated release agent (semuenzaniso starch kana cellulose solution) kutanga kuti dzisanamatira panguva yekubuda kweglove, magirovhosi akajairwa anogona kushandisa halogenated release agent (semuenzaniso chlorinated paraffin).
3. Kunyudza magirovhosi uye kuputira magirovhosi
-Kunyudza muzvikamu:
Kutanga nekunyika nekushandisa primer (kuwedzera kunamira), wobva wanyika latex kuti igadzire muviri wegirovhosi, chikamu chemaitiro acho chinoda kunyikwa kakawanda kuti ukobvu huwedzere, uye kuoma mushure mekunyikwa kwega kwega (tembiricha ≤80℃, kudzivirira kuitika kwe halogenation).
Maitiro eVulcanization:
Tembiricha ye "nitrile gloves" yechinyakare ye "vulcanization" inenge iri pakati pe120-150℃, nepo maitiro e "halogen" yakaderera angada tembiricha yakaderera uye "vulcanization" kwenguva refu (semuenzaniso 100℃ × 60 maminitsi) kuderedza kuora kwezvinowedzera kugadzira halogen compounds pasi pekupisa kwakanyanya.
4. Kusuka nekuomesa
-Kugeza kwematanho akawanda:
Mushure mekushambidzwa, magiravhusi anofanira kusukwa nemvura yakabviswa ionized kanopfuura katatu kubvisa maassiliaries akasara uye makemikari e halogen anonyungudika, uye kubviswa kwemvura kwe centrifugal kunodiwa mushure mekushambidzwa kwega kwega.
Kuomesa:
shandisa kuomesa mhepo inopisa (tembiricha ≤ 90 ℃) kana kuomesa ne vacuum kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti hunyoro huri pasi pe1%, kudzivirira kufamba kwema halogen ions munzvimbo ine hunyoro.
5. Kuedza uye kurongedza
-Kuongororwa kweHalogen:
Kutora sampuro dzemhando yega yega kuti uedze zviri muCl-, Br- (kana ion chromatography ikashandiswa, miganhu inowanzo kuve Cl ≤ 900 ppm, Br ≤ 900 ppm, uye total halogens ≤ 1500 ppm).
-Kuedza kushanda:
Simba rekudhonza (≥14MPa), kureba pakutsemuka (≥600%), kuramba kubhoorwa (≥10N) uye mamwe ma indexes anofanirwa kuenderana neASTM D6319 nedzimwe mitemo.
III. Matambudziko Ehunyanzvi Nemamiriro Eindasitiri
1. Kuenzana pakati pemutengo nekushanda zvakanaka
Nekuda kwezvinhu zvinodhura uye nguva yakareba yekugadzira, mutengo wekugadzira we "low-halogen process" wakakwira ne20%-30% kupfuura magirovhosi e "nitrile" akajairwa, uye kugona kwekugadzira kwakadzikira neinenge 15% (semuenzaniso nguva yakareba yekugeza nekuomesa).
2.Njodzi yekuderera kwekushanda
Kushanda zvakanaka kwezvimwe zvinowedzerwa zvine halogen shoma kwakaderera pane zvinowedzerwa zvechinyakare zvine halogen, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kudzikira kwekusasimba kwemagirovhosi pakukwegura, uye zvinoda kubhadharwa ne nano-fillers (semuenzaniso, silica) kana composite cross-linking technology.
3. Mitemo yezvakatipoteredza inokurudzirwa
Kurambidzwa kweEU kweKushandiswa kweZvimwe Zvinhu Zvine Ngozi muMidziyo yeMagetsi neMagetsi Directive (RoHS), International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) nedzimwe mitemo inoshandiswa zvinosungirwa kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvine halogen shoma mumunda wemagetsi kukurudzira maitiro ekuvandudza.
4. Kuwanda kweindasitiri
Parizvino, magirovhosi epasi rose ane halogen low-halogen nitrile anonyanya kugadzirwa neTop Glove yekuMalaysia, Ansell yekuUnited States nedzimwe hofori. Makambani emuno akadai seLanshan Medical neIngenics Medical ari kuputsa zvishoma nezvishoma zvipingamupinyi zvehunyanzvi zvine halogen low-halogen.
Nguva yekutumira: Chivabvu-27-2025